In Situ Dispersion of Palladium on TiO2 During Reverse Water–Gas Shift Reaction: Formation of Atomically Dispersed Palladium

The application of single‐atom catalysts (SACs) to high‐temperature hydrogenation requires materials that thermodynamically favor metal atom isolation over cluster formation. We demonstrate that Pd can be predominantly dispersed as isolated atoms onto TiO₂ during the reverse water–gas shift (rWGS) reaction at 400 °C. Achieving atomic dispersion requires an artificial increase of the absolute TiO₂ surface area by an order of magnitude and can be accomplished by physically mixing a precatalyst (Pd/TiO₂) with neat TiO₂ prior to the rWGS reaction. The in situ dispersion of Pd was reflected through a continuous increase of rWGS activity over 92 h and supported by kinetic analysis, infrared and X‐ray absorption spectroscopies and scanning transmission electron microscopy. The thermodynamic stability of Pd under high‐temperature rWGS conditions is associated with Pd‐Ti coordination, which manifests upon O‐vacancy formation, and the artificial increase in TiO₂ surface area.     

BIMP‐Catalyzed 1,3‐Prototropic Shift for the Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Conjugated Cyclohexenones

A bifunctional iminophosphorane (BIMP)‐catalysed enantioselective synthesis of α,β‐unsaturated cyclohexenones through a facially selective 1,3‐prototropic shift of β,γ‐unsaturated prochiral isomers, under mild reaction conditions and in short reaction times, on a range of structurally diverse substrates, is reported. α,β‐Unsaturated cyclohexenone products primed for downstream derivatisation were obtained in high yields (up to 99 %) and consistently high enantioselectivity (up to 99 % ee). Computational studies into the reaction mechanism and origins of enantioselectivity, including multivariate linear regression of TS energy, were carried out and the obtained data were found to be in good agreement with experimental findings.     

中法激光时间比对和探测基本物理的相关空间计划

激光时间比对T2L2(Time Transfer by Laser Link)是法国蔚蓝海岸天文台(OCA)和法国空间中心(CNES)进行的新一代的时间传递计划,将于2008年年中随Jason-2卫星发射上天,并开始观测。它利用激光脉冲在空间的传播来实现地面—卫星,地面—地面远距离时钟的同步,精度比现有的微波比对方式提高1~2个数量级。中国拥有5个固定激光测距站和2个流动激光测距站,基于良好的地理位置和中法双方比较成熟的激光测距技术,中法激光站之间的时间比对和中国内部激光站之间的时间比对是该计划的重要内容。本文系统描述了T2L2的主要内容和关键技术,初步估算了该计划的精度和稳定度,对中法之间的时间比对做出了初步的观测规划。同时,简单介绍了目前世界上精密时钟的发展现况、T2L2的应用前景及正在研究中的TIPO、ASTRODⅠ、ACES、EGE等探测基本物理的相关空间计划。     

Rashba自旋-轨道相互作用对一维谐振子势场中电子性质的影响

分析了Rashba自旋-轨道相互作用对一维谐振子势场中电子性质的影响,发现该自旋-轨道相互作用能够导致能级之间的自旋翻转,并且自旋翻转的性质明显依赖于自旋-轨道耦合系数和参考系坐标之间的关系.     

Measurements of self-broadening and self-pressure-induced shift parameters of the methane spectral lines in the 5556-6166 cm range

The absorption spectra of methane at different path lengths and different pressures for three temperatures 180, 240 and 296 K have been recorded in the 5556-6166 cm⁻¹ region using the Bruker IFS 120 HR and 125 HR high-resolution Fourier transform spectrometers. The multispectrum fitting procedure has been applied to these spectra to recover the spectral line parameters. The main goal of this procedure was the determination of self-broadening and self-pressure-induced shift coefficients and the exponents of their temperature dependences. These parameters have been derived for 406 assigned lines with good values of the signal to noise ratio. The rotational dependence of these parameters is discussed.     

可调光瞳滤波器的轴向焦移及扩展焦深

光学超分辨、焦深扩展及焦移3种效应一直受到研究人员的关注,且在光学显微成像、光学校准、光学相干层析成像及光存储中有着重要的应用.提出一种可调谐光瞳滤波器来实现光学系统的轴向焦移及扩展焦深.该光瞳滤波器由两个完全相同且相互平行的λ/4波片和置于其间的λ/2波片组成,其中λ/2波片分为两个可作相对旋转的区域,并且通过推导得...     

只需一个解调器的偏分复用差分相移键控系统实验实现

偏分复用技术是提高系统传输速率的有效方法之一.搭建了被称为双偏振态差分相移键控(Dual-Pol.DPSK)码的新型偏分复用实验系统,它与具有相同的比特波特比的差分正交相移键控(DQPSK)调制方式相比,接收机要简单很多.与传统的偏振分解复用(POLMUX)技术相比,它无需偏振控制或偏振跟踪,只需一个解调器和一个平衡探...     

光自旋霍尔效应中横移的影响因素研究

研究了光束在空气与电介质分界面传输产生的自旋霍尔效应,揭示了光束重心横移分别与偏振态、折射率差以及入射角三者之间的定性关系.研究发现各光场横移都随偏振参量增大而增大,左、右旋椭圆偏振光的横移等值反向,圆偏振态下的横移比椭圆偏振态下的横移大.改变折射率差的大小,反射光横移随折射率差的增大而减小,但当折射率差接近零时,反射...     

三维成像中相位级次自编码的相位测量方法

提出一种相位级次自编码技术的相位测量方法.与传统的相位测量技术不同,该方法利用截断相位的微分值作为编码通道,完成对各条纹级次的编码.构造的代码序列总长度为投影条纹的周期数,每个周期作为一个码元,由相邻若干码元构成一个代码子序列.相位计算后,根据截断相位的微分信息,可以提取出各周期及其码元值,通过在设计的代码序列中进行代...     

基于相变原理模拟红色顶发射有机电致发光器件的出光性能

研究了有机发光器件(organic light emitting diodes, 简记为OLED)半透明电极上形成的反射相移对OLED光谱产生调制现象.以红色微腔结构顶发射OLED(top emitting OLED,TOLED)为例,基于微腔理论和传输矩阵理论建立物理模型,采用计算机数值模拟方法,得出结果表明器件发光光谱的调制作用不只局限于有机层厚度,也和反射相移有关.通过改变覆盖到顶电极表面的有机层厚度的简单方法,可以实现对顶电极反射相移的调节,从而改变TOLED光学性能.这一结果为进一步改善器件的性 关键词： 反射相移模拟 红色微腔 顶发射有机发光